Spatiotemporal Characteristics Analysis of the Berlin Extreme Heat Event Based on ERA5 and MODIS
Main Article Content
Keywords
climate change, ERA5 reanalysis data, MODIS surface temperature, urban heatwave trend, spatiotemporal feature analysis
Abstract
This study takes the Berlin urban agglomeration in Germany as an example and uses ERA5 reanalysis data and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing surface temperature data to systematically identify and assess the trends of extreme high-temperature events between 2010 and 2023.Using 2010–2019 as the base period, the 90th percentile temperature threshold was determined. Combining the Mann–Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimation, the variation characteristics of heat wave frequency and intensity were analyzed, and the consistency between the two was compared. The results show that the number of heatwave days in the Berlin area has increased significantly over the past decade, with temperatures in the central urban area being significantly higher than those in the surrounding areas, showing a steady upward trend. ERA5 and MODIS show a high degree of consistency in their temporal variation, but ERA5 is slightly underestimated in densely built-up areas. The two types of data complement each other in terms of spatiotemporal resolution, and their combined application can effectively improve the accuracy of urban heat wave monitoring, providing a reference for climate risk assessment and adaptive planning in mid-to-high latitude cities.
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