Analysis of Semantic Disambiguation Techniques in Dialogue Systems

Main Article Content

Xinyue Liu

Keywords

human-computer dialogue systems, artificial intelligence, word sense disambiguation, natural language processing

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), human-computer dialogue systems have emerged as a prominent application in the AI field, where semantic disambiguation plays a critical role. This paper provides a comprehensive survey and analysis of semantic disambiguation techniques in Natural Language Processing. It not only examines the strengths and limitations of traditional approaches but also investigates state-of-the-art methods that are shaping the field. Through a systematic review, this study outlines the overall development trajectory of disambiguation technologies and identifies key challenges that remain unresolved. While significant breakthroughs have been achieved in semantic disambiguation, this review reveals that substantial challenges persist in areas such as contextual understanding, cross-domain adaptation, and real-time processing. Overall, this paper emphasizes the growing importance of integrating knowledge-driven and data-driven approaches, highlighting the potential of hybrid models that combine linguistic rules, contextual embeddings, and large language models. The findings aim to offer valuable insights for future research directions and practical implementations in evolving dialogue systems.

Abstract 6 | PDF Downloads 3

References

  • [1] Piantadosi, S. T., Tily, H. and Gibson, E. The communicative function of ambiguity in language. Cognition. 2012, 122(3), pp. 280-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2011.10.004.
  • [2] Sharma, H. Improving natural language processing tasks by using machine learning techniques. In 2021 5th international conference on information systems and computer networks (ISCON), Mathura, India, 2021; pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCON52037.2021.9702447.
  • [3] Gangadharan, V. and Gupta, D. Paraphrase detection using deep neural network based word embedding techniques. In 2020 4th International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI)(48184), Tirunelveli, India, 2020; pp. 517-521. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOEI48184.2020.9142877.
  • [4] Kulkarni, D. S. and Rodd, S. F. Word Sense Disambiguation for Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis in Hindi. Webology. 2022, 19(1), pp. 592-600. https://doi.org/10.14704/WEB/V19I1/WEB19042.
  • [5] Kavitha, K., Pranav, S. and Anil, A. Word Sense Disambiguation Using Supervised Learning. In 2023 4th IEEE Global Conference for Advancement in Technology (GCAT), Bangalore, India, 2023; pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCAT59970.2023.10353351.
  • [6] IEEE. IEEE Recommended Practice for the Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Dialogue System Capabilities: IEEE Std 3128-2025. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2025.
  • [7] Yang, H., Li, J., Li, G., Chang, Y. and Wu, Y. Can large multimodal models actively recognize faulty inputs? a systematic evaluation framework of their input scrutiny ability. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.04017. 2025. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.04017.
  • [8] He, J. Z. and Wang, H. F. Chinese word sense disambiguation based on maximum entropy model with feature selection. Journal of Software. 2010, 21(6), pp. 1287-1295. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1001.2010.03591.
  • [9] Zhang, C. X., Luan, B., Gao, X. Y. and Lu, Z. M. Chinese word sense disambiguation based on parsing analysis. Application Research of Computers/Jisuanji Yingyong Yanjiu. 2014, 31(1), pp. 40-47. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-3695.2014.01.008.
  • [10] Li, H. D., Jia, Z., Yin, H. F. and Yang, Y. Rule-based tagging method of Chinese ambiguity words. Journal of Computer Applications. 2014, 34(8), pp. 2197-2201. https://doi.org/10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2014.08.2197.
  • [11] Shao, W., Han, W., Xiao, C., Chen, L., Yu, M.-Q. and Chen, J. Semi-supervised robust hidden Markov regression for large-scale time-series industrial data analytics and its applications to soft sensing. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering. 2024, 22, pp. 5143-5157. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2024.3417019.
  • [12] Wiedemann, G., Remus, S., Chawla, A. and Biemann, C. Does BERT make any sense? Interpretable word sense disambiguation with contextualized embeddings. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.10430. 2019. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1909.10430.
  • [13] Barba, E., Pasini, T. and Navigli, R. ESC: Redesigning WSD with extractive sense comprehension. In Proceedings of the 2021 conference of the North American chapter of the association for computational linguistics: human language technologies, online, 2021; pp. 4661-4672. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.371.
  • [14] Li, H., Tian, Z., Wang, X., Zhou, Y., Pan, S., Zhou, J., Xu, Q. and Li, D. Handling polysemous triggers and arguments in event extraction: an adaptive semantics learning strategy with reward–penalty mechanism. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering. 2025, 26(4), pp. 534-555. https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2400220.
  • [15] Pertiwi, A., Azhari, A. and Mulyana, S. Fast2Vec, a modified model of FastText that enhances semantic analysis in topic evolution. PeerJ Computer Science. 2025, 11, p. e2862. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2862.
  • [16] Chen, Z., Shen, Y., Cao, L., Zhang, S. and Ji, R. CLIP-driven transformer for weakly supervised object localization. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 2025, 47(6), pp. 4878-4896. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2025.3548704.
  • [17] Chen, H., Liu, X., Yin, D. and Tang, J. A survey on dialogue systems: Recent advances and new frontiers. Acm Sigkdd Explorations Newsletter. 2017, 19(2), pp. 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3166054.3166058.
  • [18] Stanford HAI. Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, 2025.