Modeling and Fault Analysis of Complex Mechatronic Systems Based on MBSE

Abstract

As high-end equipment evolves towards higher complexity and multi-disciplinary coupling, the interaction among mechanical, hydraulic, and control systems becomes increasingly close. The traditional document-based systems engineering (DBSE) method often encounters bottlenecks, such as fragmented information, poor traceability, and a disconnect between design and analysis, when dealing with the “logical-physical” coupling relationships of complex systems. Therefore, a new methodology capable of uniformly expressing the characteristics of multiple domains is urgently needed. This paper aims to systematically review the research progress in model-based systems engineering (MBSE) for modeling and fault analysis of complex mechanical-electro-hydraulic systems, summarize the current application status of MBSE in overcoming disciplinary barriers and achieving full life-cycle management, and provide references for engineering practice in related fields. Based on mainstream MBSE design processes such as MOFLP-R, and by integrating relevant domestic and foreign literature, this paper has conducted an induction and review from three dimensions: theoretical framework, modeling technology, and application cases. The focus is on analyzing the integration mechanism of multi-domain physical modeling languages such as SysML and Modelica, as well as the application models of MBSE in typical industries such as aviation and rail transit. Existing studies have shown that MBSE effectively achieves closed-loop traceability from requirements to physical realization by establishing a unified system architecture model. In fault analysis, model-based fault injection and joint simulation technologies have been proven to improve early fault prediction capabilities and significantly reduce R&D costs. However, current research still lacks interoperability standards for models, the development of interdisciplinary talent teams, and intelligent modeling empowered by AI. MBSE is an effective paradigm for solving the design and verification problems of complex mechanical-electro-hydraulic systems. Future research should focus on deep integration of MBSE with digital twins and artificial intelligence, and on the construction of standardized collaborative environments to promote the digital transformation of high-end equipment development models.