Research Progress on the Adsorption Mechanisms of Biochar for Atmospheric Pollutants
Main Article Content
Keywords
biochar, atmospheric pollutants, physisorption, chemisorption
Abstract
As a carbon-rich porous solid material prepared and formed by pyrolysis of biomass under hypoxic environment, due to the wide range of raw materials and highly developed pore structure, biochar has shown a broad development prospect in the field of atmospheric pollutants. This article systematically explains the research progress of the adsorption mechanism of biochar on atmospheric pollutants. The study of biochar surface adsorption of gaseous pollutants such as SO2, NOx, VOCs and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the result of multi-mechanism synergy. Among them, physisorption such as micropore filling and van der Waals force provides basic adsorption ability, and chemisorption such as surface complexation, ion-exchange and hydrogen bond improves adsorption strength and selectivity. The pyrolysis process and the type of raw materials can adjust the specific surface area, pore size, surface functional groups and degree of aromaticity of biochar, which in turn affects the contribution ratio of the adsorption mechanism. The current research focus has changed from the description of a single adsorption mechanism to the quantitative analysis of multi-mechanism synergy, and has developed from the adsorption behavior under ideal conditions in the laboratory to the actual environment. The future research direction should be to carry out in-depth research on the direction of multi-pollutant collaborative control, whole-life cycle safety research and low-cost large-scale application, and promote the theoretical development and practical application of biochar in atmospheric pollution control technology.
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