Multidimensional Public Health Benefits of Dragon Boat Racing: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Dragon boat racing has expanded from a traditional cultural practice into a globally recognized team sport with increasing relevance for public health. Its combination of rhythmic physical exertion, coordinated teamwork, and cultural meaning positions it a s a multifaceted activity that can support physical, psychological, neurocognitive, and social well‑being. This systematic review integrates current evidence across these domains and identifies gaps that limit broader application in preventive and rehabilitative health. Research on physical outcomes shows notable improvements in muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, and quality of life, particularly among breast cancer survivors, with strong evidence supporting its safety and rehabilitative benefits. Psychological studies highlight enhanced emotional resilience, identity reconstruction, and post‑traumatic growth. Emerging neurocognitive findings indicate exercise‑related modulation of attentional networks, improved neural efficiency, and strengthened functional connectivity. Social and cultural mechanisms, including team cohesion, shared identity, and engagement with tradition, appear to strengthen motivation, adherence, and community belonging. Despite these promising results, ex isting research remains fragmented and focused primarily on breast cancer populations. Overall, dragon boat racing shows considerable potential as a culturally grounded and community‑based activity that supports holistic health, underscoring the need for broader and more rigorous investigation across diverse groups.