Research on Factors Affecting the Operating Efficiency of Gas Turbines

Abstract

Gas turbines are also considered major flexible power plants within the scope of China adopting the “dual carbon” policy since these power facilities enable the decarbonization of the energy system. Nevertheless, the local gas turbine sector encounters cha llenges, including dependence on foreign core technologies, limited performance of individual units, and inadequate ability to operate with zero-carbon fuels; additionally, earlier research cannot provide a complete theoretical basis that could describe th e causes of efficiency differences between different types of gas turbines. Firstly, this paper has divided gas turbines into heavy-duty, aeroderivative, and micro gas turbines and then discussed five crucial factors that affect their efficiency and finally, it has outlined three main industrial bottlenecks that are made up of high-temperature materials, zero-carbon combustion, and localized application systems. The originality of this work is a comparative analysis of the patterns of degradation of the eff iciency of all types of gas turbines and systematically summarize and compare the quantitative efficiency loss characteristics under hydrogen-ammonia co-firing and severe marine operating conditions. Based on this consideration, this paper offers four spec ific development directions. The next generations of hot-section components and clean combustion technologies will enhance the performance and self-production of locally produced gas turbines and contribute to the creation of the new energy system.