Cartoon Characters and Virtual Idols in the Context of Cross-Cultural Communication

Abstract

Edward T. Hall’s high- and low-context communication theory provides a core framework for analyzing the transmission and adaptation logic of symbols in cross-cultural communication. Taking cartoon characters and modern virtual live streamers as the research subjects, this paper systematically explores the practical logic, influence mechanisms and practical dilemmas of the two types of communication carriers in cross-context scenarios from the dual perspectives of cultural communication and cultural adaptation. The findings indicate that Disney cartoon characters, rooted in low-context cultural traits, achieve adaptation to high-context markets through universal value packaging, localization of cultural symbols and multi-channel IP accumulation. Their adaptation logic has evolved from superficial presentation of cultural symbols in the early stage to in-depth exploration of cultural connotations. Empowered by technology and community co-creation, virtual live streamers realize dynamic adaptation between high and low contexts centering on real-time interaction, and fan communities build cross-cultural communities through three stages: adaptation, identification and consolidation. On this basis, this paper analyzes their cultural adaptation approaches with Disney movie characters and virtual live streamers as research materials, aiming to offer theoretical references for cross-cultural communication practices.